This is a chart from page 42 of Colin Ward’s book “Streetwork: the Exploding School” first published in 1973. the original reference is to Sherry Arnstein’s “A Ladder of Citizen Participation in the USA”, Journal of the American Institute of Planners, July 1969.

Streetwork is a great book on environmental education. Nils Norman runs a school at least partly inspired by it in Copenhagen.